Social Construction Of Reality / Pg - 975 Words

Social construction of reality/pg. 117: The use of background assumptions and life experiences to define what is real. Throughout the video documentary on migrants trying to make a living, social construction of reality shaped the way they thought about the world. Most of the people revolved their life around family and the Catholic church. The way they were brought up and raised gave them another viewpoint on the world around them. The life experiences they had to go through, such as traveling from state to state to find work, made them think differently than most other people in the United States. Because of the lack of jobs where they were, the attitude when they did find a job was shaped around a grateful attitude. Even though the conditions were awful, the work load was heavy, and the pay was not great, any work these people could find they were jumping at the gun. There are not that many people in America that would work gruesome hours out in the roasting hot fields for the amount of pay these people were receiving. Because of the immigrants background and life experiences, they were taught to work hard and have an attitude that in the end will keep them alive. In their world, family and religion remained a huge part of life. Because of their religion, they remained strong and somewhat hopeful. The other aspect of family life just brought them closer and acted as a support group to each member. For example, when the father who was failing to provide for his familyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Daughter From Danang 1272 Words   |  6 PagesThrough the process of social construction, various social statuses, such as race, class, and gender, are given a deeper meaning than simply a category. In turn, these statuses begin having an effect on the groups they encompass, causing some groups to become dominate over others and shaping the hierarchy of their society. Once established, these statuses begin to intertwine and influence one another, along with space and time, which is called intersections. These intersections work together to furtherRead Moreâ€Å"Social Construction of Reality† Essay1468 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Social Construction of Reality† Reality is not an objective thing that is imposed upon us, but is created by us. Reality does not exist externally but internally, as each individual or group interprets it, and is always changing. Due to these concepts sociologists often speak about the â€Å"social construction of reality† which is essential to understand when attempting to explain human social behavior. Since realty is the basis of people’s actions, W. I. Thomas states, â€Å"If people define situationsRead MoreAnalysis Of Dana Mastros Article Why The Medias Role On Issues Of Race And Ethnicity1045 Words   |  5 Pagesthat Dana Mastro’s 2015 article titled ‘Why the Media’s Role in Issues of Race and Ethnicity Should be in the Spotlight’ makes an important contribution to our understanding of the media’s role in the construction of perceptions of racial and ethnic groups and how these perceptions effect the social position of the people that they are about .This is largely because the media plays a huge role in an individual’s daily lives and it is very difficult to avoid its influence, at least partly, due to itsRead MoreEffects of Reality Tv on Society998 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many discussions about the effects of reality TV on society. Positive and negative effects of reality TV are two parts of a coin. Unfortunately the coin mostly falls on the negative side. Many reality TV shows are created purely for profit without thinking about its consequences on the mindsets of viewers, especially young viewers . Media companies accept that they make these shows for profit and they do not care about theRead MoreEssay on A Study of Epistemology890 Words   |  4 Pagesis a â€Å"great difference in the quality and the scope of the knowledge available to the two groups† (Everson, Pg.12). For the mortal human being the contrast between â€Å"divine and hu man knowledge†, paired with possible deception by the gods, has led him to question the idea of knowledge as it exists independently, reminding him that there are many things he cannot â€Å"know for certain† (Everson, Pg. 13). Epistemology, as it exists today, is a branch of philosophy that studies knowledge inRead MoreEssay on Special Effects: Simulation in Cinema by Temengua Trifonova1084 Words   |  5 Pagesto engage in any culture, is more widely practiced than ever before thanks to technology, mainstream media has become so limited. Such limited depictions of contemporary culture reduce humanity’s ability to identify the constructed nature of their reality and to imagine possibilities outside of this system. Advancements in technology have made it possible for astonishing inventions such as nearly limitless access to information via the internet, improvements in medical treatments, and a reduction inRead MoreAnalysis Of Sandra Cisneros s The House On Mango Street 938 Words   |  4 Pageslive a joyous life. Gender role is represented as a social construction in The House on Mango Street. Men are depicted as a solid figure and are looked as a primary force while women are looked down upon and are treated as a sex object. Out of all the female character in the novel, Esperanza is distinctive. She does not see a future where she is subject to anybody. She has interminable dreams of her own. Her dreams of â€Å"having a house of her own† (pg. 4) starts at a very young age. As she moves intoRead MoreThe Great Depression And The People Of The 1970 S1099 Words   |  5 Pagesproblematic whiteness polluted by poverty and rural culture† (Southern Rock Musicians: Construction of White Trash Pg.207). Middle and upper class men and women felt the need to put poor, white families down to make themselves seem that much higher up, but in reality it was an out for taking responsibility for patriarchy. If anything these titles the poor, white men were given were just a way to define inequ alities and social problems that society wanted to make apparent to hide from their own personal problemsRead MoreThe Great Depression And The People Of The 1970 S1104 Words   |  5 Pagesproblematic whiteness polluted by poverty and rural culture† (Southern Rock Musicians: Construction of White Trash Pg.207). Middle and upper class men and women felt the need to put poor, white families down to make themselves seem that much higher up, but in reality it was an out for taking responsibility for patriarchy. If anything these titles the poor, white men were given were just a way to define inequalities and social problems that society wanted to make apparent to hide from their own personal problemsRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511592 Words   |  7 Pagesown conscience anymore. Yet we are able to turn a blind eye to this fact. Why’s that? Just take a few seconds to think to yourself, â€Å" How long [has] it [been]since you were really bothered? [Bothered ]abou t something important, about something real?†(pg) Ray Bradbury s book Fahrenheit 451 although written in 1953, was ahead of its time predicting technological marvels and our potential to indulge and be addicted to electronic media. The novel presents a twilight zone of what society could be like

Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development Essays - 1715 Words

Jean Piaget (1896-1980) was a Swiss psychologist who had a lifelong interest in how individuals, especially children, use cognitive development to adapt to the world around them. Piaget published his first paper by the age of 10, completed his bachelor’s degree by the age of 18, and at the age of 22 received his PhD from the University of Neuchatel. Piaget spent many years of his life researching the developmental and cognitive knowledge of children. The Theory of Cognitive Development places focus on human intelligence and developmental thinking. â€Å"Influenced by his background in biology, Piaget (1950) viewed intelligence as a process that helps an organism adapt to its environment† (Rider and Sigelman, 2006, p.41). At an early age,†¦show more content†¦Sub-stage I occur between birth and six weeks of age and mainly focus on reflex development. Piaget describes three primary reflexes. They include; sucking, eye movement by following an object, and p almer grasping. Sub-stage II occurs from six weeks to four months of age and focuses on the development of habits. For example, if a child thinks something is pleasing or fascinating, odds are they are going to do it again. Sub-stage III places focus on infants from four to nine months of age. Stage III mainly focuses on hand eye coordination and object concept. â€Å"Object concept is the understanding of what an object is, including recognition that an object has properties that can stimulate all of you senses, and that an object continues to exist even when we do not perceive it† (Broderick Blewitt, 2009, g-10). An example of this would be if an infant wants something they will continue to grasp at the air until their hand reaches the desired object. Sub-stage IV occurs between the ages of nine and twelve months and involves a child’s secondary circular reactions. According to Piaget, this sub stage is an extremely critical stage of development. Sub-stage V occurs focuses on infants between twelve and eighteen months. In this stage children find ways to adapt to new challenges they will face. Sub-stage VI marks the passage from the Sensorimoter stage to the Preoperational stage and puts focus on a child’s tryShow MoreRelatedPiagets Theory of Cognitive Development1075 Words   |  5 PagesPiaget’s Theory of Child Psychological Development There currently exists a great deal of literature based on child developmental psychology from a variety of great psychologists, notably Freud, Erikson, Bowlby, Bandura, Vygotsky, and many others. However, this paper will focus on the theories of Jean Piaget. Jean Piaget, a Swiss developmental psychologist and philosopher, was born in Neuchatel, Switzerland on August 9, 1896. After working with Alfred Binet in his children’s intelligence testsRead MorePiagets Theory of Cognitive Development1173 Words   |  5 PagesCognitive development is the development of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood. Historically, the cognitive development of children has been studied in a variety of ways. The oldest is through intelligence tests. An example of this is the Stanford Binet Intelligence Quotient test. IQ scoring is based on the concept of mental age, according to which the scores of a child of average intelligence matchRead MorePiaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development3150 Words   |  13 PagesPiaget’s Theory Of Cognitive Development Jaclyn F. Losquadro Hunter College, The City Of New York Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development Cognitive development is much more than addition of new facts and ideas to an existing store of information. According to Piaget, our thinking processes change radically, though slowly, from birth to maturity because we constantly strive to make sense of our world. He also believed that all people pass through the same four stages (sensorimotor, preoperationalRead MorePiagets Theory of Cognitive Development959 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ The term cognitive development refers to the process of developing intelligence and higher level thinking that allows a person to acquire problem-solving skills from the age of infancy through adulthood. A Swiss philosopher by the name of Jean Piaget took an interest in in developmental psychology; specifically in children during infancy through pre-adolescence. This model developed by Piaget still has a modern-day relevancy. Contributions to Learning and Cognition Read MoreTheories Of Development : Piagets Theory Of Cognitive Development1363 Words   |  6 PagesPiagets theory of cognitive development In the 1960s and 1970s, the Freudian psychology was changed with the initiation of the empirical methods to study the human behavior. Psychologist and philosopher Jean Piaget empirically verified, moving towards the cognitive development theory to provide the new perspective to the individual in getting awareness about the developmental stages of the children. Just like Freud, Piaget thought that human development could only be described in stages. On theRead MoreDiscuss Piagets theory of cognitive development1235 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Discuss Piaget’s theory of Cognitive Development Cognitive Development can be defined as the development of thought processes. This includes thinking, concept understanding, problem solving, and decision making and remembering from childhood on to adulthood. There are two theories of Cognitive development that offer us two different ways of understanding it. The first is called Domain general. This theory states that one line of development determines all of the changes in a child’sRead MorePiagets Stage Theory of Cognitive Development647 Words   |  3 PagesThe Piagets Theory The Piagets stage theory of cognitive development is also known as the stage theory. It introduces that, in the expansion of our thinking, we act through an organized and certain sequence of steps. However, the theory focuses not only on compassionate how the children obtain knowledge, but likewise on the discernment of the substance of intelligence. According to the Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, there are two stages in the thinking pattern of a 3-year old preschoolerRead More Major Challenges to Piagets Theory of Cognitive Development2134 Words   |  9 Pageschallenges to Piagets theory of cognitive development and what aspects still have value? To answer this question, Piagets theory of development should be explained along with Vygotskys theory and the connectionist theory of development, and then each should be compared with the others. Once this has been achieved the main similarities and differences will be summarized, and finally the areas of Piagets theory that have not been undermined by other theories will be reiterated. In Piagets opinionRead MoreThe Sensorimotor Stage of Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development 1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe theorist, Jean Piaget, was most interested in the development of children’s intellectual organization. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development begins with the sensorimotor stage. Sensorimotor intelligence is thinking by observing objects and acting in response to them. Throughout the stages the child understands that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen which is referred to as object permanence. When a child exhibits a behavior that creates an experience that leads to repetitionRead MoreDevelopmental Theory Essay1726 Words   |  7 PagesShortcomings Of Piaget’s Theory. This essay will be summarising the contributions and shortcomings of the Cognitive-Developmental theory and firstly explore the background and key concept’s of Piaget’s work behind child development. Secondly Piaget’s ideas about cognitive change and the four stages of development from birth which are the sensorimotor stage, the pre-operational stage, the concrete operational stage and the formal operational stage and how this impacts development. Thirdly the main

Relativist Morality Is Unfair Discuss Free Essays

Relativist Morality is unfair discuss Relativist morality could be seen as unfair, when looked at closely and seen from critics’ point of view it becomes clear that it is easy to question perhaps because of its weakness as a moral system. The weakness could somewhat be perceived as making Relativist morality unfair. A relativist cannot pass judgement but yet to be true to their name ‘relativist’ they would be practising ‘do not pass judgement’ thus they are preaching to others that they should not do something in order for others to follow relativism. We will write a custom essay sample on Relativist Morality Is Unfair Discuss or any similar topic only for you Order Now This concludes that relativism is self – refuting because a concept of relativism has been broken in order to follow it. This could be seen as unfair because to put relativist morality into practice would involve relativists telling an individual what to do, regarding personal idea raises the question ‘ if being relativist means you are able to break a rule you live by, then it is not fair in terms of my attitudes to ethical understanding. However it could be said that it’s not unfair as its one thing that relativists ask people to do in order to consider living from a relativist’s point of view. In real life relativism would be extremely hard to live by in all situations, and again the idea of unfairness can be applied. If for example a relativist lived in a society that refuses to punish an individual that kills a child, then they are entitled to not like this as it is their opinion but but  they are not obliged to judge the abusers actions as unjust. It is apparent that killing a child is unjust and wrong but yet a relativist has no right to declare the murderer as guilty of wrongdoing, this rise a question ‘If we are certain that murder of a child is wrong, then how can relativism exists? ’ How can it be fair to not be able to label something seen as cruel , as unjust and thus wrong how can it be possible to not see this as unjust? And how is this fair on the victim? That their death was in fact not wrong and not unjust because the actions were committed subject to the perpetrator’s moral understanding of what is right and good or because their society claims that this is right and good. Relativists see no universal absolutes so nothing is universally bad or is it universally good thus this means that blame and praise would become nonexistent because praise comes from doing something good but without good this would be virtually impossible because good would not be judged and therefore it could not be praised in a moral sense. This again could be seen s unfair because it could an act of kindness but yet there is no absolute good in the act for example helping an elderly person with their shopping this is neither seen as good or bad and therefore no praise could come of doing what is believed to be good. Relativists can’t make charges of unfairness, despite what they may feel personally, say the relativist thought that it was unfair for Nazi Germany to slaughter many Jews , but Germany thought these actions to be correct because it is relative to their society then Germanys would say they were being fair and thus must the Relativist. Many individuals will question this because these people that were slaughtered were innocent but yet a relativist would have see these acts as fair, it does not seem fair to have an opinion that these acts were unfair but have to agree that they were fair. How is this view fair for the millions of innocent Jews that were slaughtered?. There would be no prison if moral relativism was to be put into practise because if there is not universal good or bad, then no law would be in place because nobody can decipher the truth thus punishment would be nonexistent because there is no need for anybody to be punished if no one has the right to pass judgement on whether their actions are right or wrong and the reason for imprisonment is because someone has committed crime thus there is no reason for prison to exists however then how would society function, in a recognizable fair way for example the idea of shoplifting this would not be controlled neither would happenings such as rape. This would not be fair because individuals could hurt or steal because it was their moral understanding of good etc so harm would not be seen as bad and neither would theft and the country would therefore not be able to run because people would live how they pleased subject to their moral understanding. This type of life for people would not be fair with no guidelines people would be free do what they like causing pain to other psychically and emotionally and this would not be fair. In conclusion it can be said that relativist morality would not be fair because of the complications it would have when followed correctly and how difficult it would be followed properly. It would cause many problems in reality that would not be fair on individuals. How to cite Relativist Morality Is Unfair Discuss, Papers

Argument National Registration Paramedics â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Argument National Registration Paramedics? Answer: Introducation Ambulance services in New South Wales are predominantly provided by a government operating statutory authority known as the New South Wales Ambulance. New South Wales Ambulance was initially established as the Ambulance Service of NSW under the Ambulance Services Act, 1976 (NSW) and it operates within the Health Services Act 1997 (NSW) (Eburn Bendall, 2013). Private ambulance services are equally tolerated in NSW, but their niche of play is narrow compared to the market share owned by New South Wales Ambulance. Some of the private insurance providers include EMT Medical Services and Paramedical Services. As an ambulance service, whether government-owned or privately-owned has two primary components: providing pre-hospital care, and the transportation of the sick and injured (Eburn Bendall, 2013). In New South Wales and other regions including the Australian Capital Territory, Tasmania, Queensland, ambulance care services often include emergency treatment, provision of first aid, transportation of the sick or injured, and the provision of other forms of prehospital care (Queensland Consolidated Acts, 2010). As outlined by Eburn and Bendall, (2013), under the Victorian Law, an Ambulance Service is mandated in five key areas. First, they should rapidly respond to medical emergency requests, second, they provide specialised transportation facilities for the transportation of individuals who require emergency care. The third mandate involves the provision of specialised medical skills for the purposes of maintaining life and reducing injuries in cases of emergency or in the transportation of those who need the services. They are also expected provide services suited for specialised medical or transport skills. Lastly, they ought to foster public education in first aid. New South Wales Ambulance In line with these regulations and expectations, the New South Wales Ambulance strives to provide clinical care and transport services related to health to close to 7.5 million inhabitants of New South Wales, spread across in an area of more than 800, 000 square kilometres (Health Ambulance Service of NSW, 2011). The service responds to both emergency and non-emergency health care needs. NSW Ambulance responds to more than one million service demands each year. However, there is an observed decline in the number of responses made between 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. The service evidenced a decline of approximately 1.3 percent between the two periods with a total of 1,127,545 responses in 2014/2015 against 1,115,635 responses in 2015/2016 (Health Ambulance Service of NSW, 2011). This translates to averagely 3048 responses each day equivalent to two responses every minute. The decline is attributed primarily to the transfer of a majority of Non-Emergency care activity to Health Share in m id-2014 (NSW Ambulance, 2014). Ambulance Staffing New South Wales Ambulance Service employs over four thousand people working in over 250 stations spread across the state, primarily in the frontline of service provision. The majority of these personnel includes both paramedics and specialists in areas such as aeromedical and medical retrieval, intensive care and extended care paramedics, counter disaster, and special operations, while less than ten percent of whom serve in the capacity of offering support services, administration, human resource and finance and payroll (Health Ambulance Service of NSW, 2011). The standard practice in NSW ambulances is to equip each ambulance with two paramedics. Paramedics are perceived as the greatest assets in the delivery of care out of the hospital setting, owing to the fact that they provide life-saving treatment. Paramedics are trained and expected to perform duties that include manual defibrillation, 3, 6 and 12 lead ECGs, airway management, medication and IV administration (Ambulance Service of NSW, 2011). The provision of this services ought to be guided by approved protocols and standard procedures (both clinical and pharmacological) in the management of the different clinical conditions. Ambulance service of NSW employs two major cadres of paramedics; intensive care paramedics, and extended care paramedics (Ambulance Service of NSW, 2011). Intensive care paramedics have a higher skill level following further training and education that will help them address the demands they face in practice. Intensive care paramedics undertake an advanced diploma of Paramedical Science delivered by NSW Ambulance Education Centre (Ambulance Service of NSW, 2011). The extended care paramedics, on the other hand, take more of a GP type approach and they do not respond to emergency calls (000) as their counterparts do. Extended care paramedics perform duties such as prescription of some medications, changing patient catheters, wound care, and attending to dislocated bones and joints. For large-scale emergencies, NWS ambulance employs both extended care and intensive care paramedics, special causality access team (SCAT), Paramedic rescue and Medical Physicians. For helicopter operations, a SCAT paramedic and a medical physician specialised in emergency medicine, anesthesiology or trauma are deployed as the minimum staff. Specialist Sections Some situations may require specialised medical care and response. For this, NSW Ambulance has formed highly trained, specialised and equipped units/sections. These sections include, Special Causality Access Team (SCAT) which are deployed to multi-casualty disasters and incidents; Rescue Operations for complex situations that may involve road crash, and chemical and biological accidents; the Special Operations Team are deployed to multi-casualty incidents and disasters and provide lifesaving interventions for people who are lost, trapped or in any form of precarious situation; and the Rapid Response unit which is tasked with providing early patient intervention and also cutting on the response times. Types of Ambulances The service also deploys an extensive fleet of about 1500 vehicles, of which over sixty-five percent are ambulance vehicles that respond to emergencies, non-emergencies, and rescue, aeromedical, and retrieval services. Due to the differences in the services provided, NSW Ambulance has different ambulance types which include emergency medical care ambulances, patient transport service, rescue trucks, rapid response vehicles, multi-purpose accounting, over-snow vehicles, special causality access team (SCAT) and the airwing (uses aircraft owned and operated by Royal Flying Doctor Service, and helicopters (Ambulance Service of NSW, 2011). To be able to cover the over one million responses, the road fleet is said to travel over forty-four thousand kilometres each year (Health Ambulance Service of NSW, 2011). References Ambulance Service of NSW. (2011). Paramedics. Retrieved from Ambulance economics of NSW: https://www.ambulance.nsw.gov.au/about-us/Paramedics.html Ambulance Service of NSW. (2011). Patient Transport Service. Retrieved from Health: Ambulance Service of NSW: https://www.ambulance.nsw.gov.au/about-us/Patient-Transport-Service.html Eburn, M., Bendall, J. (2013). The provision of Ambulance Services in Australia: a legal argument for the national registration of paramedics. Australasian Journal of Paramedicine, 1-10. Health Ambulance Service of NSW. (2011, November). About Us. Retrieved from Healthcare Ambulance Service of NSW: https://www.ambulance.nsw.gov.au/about-us.html NSW Ambulance. (2014). NSW Ambulance Year in Review 2014/15 32. Sydney: NSW Ambulance. Queensland Consolidated Acts. (2010, January). Ambulance Services Act 1991. Retrieved from Queensland Consolidated Acts: https://www6.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdb/au/legis/qld/consol_act/asa1991158/

Nationalism DBQ free essay sample

During the time of the French Revolution, the French peoples expressed great pride in their nation. Eventually nationalism spread to other people, inspiring uprisings across Europe and in Latin America. In the 1860’s, the unification of Italy was lead by nationalism. By the year 1871, Germany had united as well. Outside of Europe, nationalist movements took root in India, Turkey and various other places. Amongst the Jews, a movement arose to create a separate Jewish state in Palestine. As the 1800’s drew to an end, nationalistic forces created tensions in the Balkans that served as a catalyst for a world war. Revolution and war in the late 1700’s created a strong sense of national unity in France. This feeling inspired French armies to success on the battlefield as they fought to spread the ideas of their Revolution. According to Document #1, the French people felt very strongly of their country, many of which are described in Levee en Masse. We will write a custom essay sample on Nationalism DBQ or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also in Document #2, the feeling of pride is clearly stated in their anthem (Marseillaise). Napoleon also inspired nationalism amongst the nations he conquered. However, these nationalistic feelings encouraged these conquered people to rise up against Napoleon. During the years following the French Revolution, nationalism led to disaster in Europe and elsewhere. Nationalism was not always positive; it also served as a source of conflict in the Balkan peninsula of southeastern Europe. During the 1800’s, the Ottoman Empire still ruled much of the area, which was considered home for various groups. These groups were the Serbs, Greeks, Bulgarians, and Romanians. In the 1800’s, nationalistic groups in the Balkans rebelled against the rule of foreigners. Nations in Europe hoped to gain land from the Ottoman Empire. France, Great Britain, Austria-Hungary and Russia all formed an alliance and designed wars in order to gain territory from the Ottoman Empire. A nationalistic movement sponsored by Russia called Pan Slavism, based on the idea that all of the Slavic people shared a similar nationality. Russia supported Serbia because of its large Slavic population. However, Serbian nationalism was feared by Austria-Hungary and angered  Serbia by conquering two provinces that would’ve given Serbia access to the Adriatic Sea in 1908. Eventually in the beginning of the 1900’s, after a series of continuous conflicts within the Balkan Peninsula, tensions created a full out global conflict (World War I). The last time Italy was united was before the fall of the Roman Empire in the 400’s. Some of the Italian states were united into the Kingdom of Italy, after Napoleon invaded Italy. The Congress of Vienna redivided Italy and put most of it under Spanish and Austrian control. Mentioned in Document #3 Count Camillo Cavour was the prime minister of the Italian State of Sardinia. He formed alliances with France and eventually with Prussia. He used both war and diplomacy to extinguish Austrian power from Italy. Also mentioned in Document #4 Giuseppe Garibaldi was a soldier who led forces that won control of southern Italy and helped unify northern Italy. By 1861, Victor Emmanuel of Sardinia was crowned the king of a, once again, united Italy. The urban North often quarreled with the rural South. The Catholic Church also resisted the new government. Even though there was economic growth, unrest increased in the late 1800’s. Beginning in the late 1700’, nationalism became a major force that inspired uprisings all across Europe and Latin America. In the mid 1800’s, nationalism created two very strong and united nations (Italy and Germany), also shown in map A form Document #7. Nationalistic attitudes spread amongst the Indian, Turkish, Jewish peoples. Nationalism did not always bring people together, in the early 1900’s nationalism made problems in southeastern Europe that led the country to the edge of a possible war.

How to Say Hello in Mandarin Chinese

How to Say Hello in Mandarin Chinese The first step to starting a conversation in Mandarin Chinese is to say hello! Learn how to greet people in Mandarin Chinese with the help of audio files to ensure your pronunciation is correct. Audio links are marked with ââ€" º. Characters The Chinese phrase for hello is made of two characters: ä ½  Ã¥ ¥ ½ ââ€" ºnÇ Ã‚  hÇŽo. The first character ä ½   (nÇ ) means you. The second character Ã¥ ¥ ½ (hÇŽo) means good. Thus, the literal translation of ä ½  Ã¥ ¥ ½ (nÇ  hÇŽo) is you good.   Pronunciation Note that Mandarin Chinese uses four tones. The tones used in ä ½  Ã¥ ¥ ½ are two third tones. When 2 first tone characters are placed next to each other, the tones slightly change. The first character is pronounced as a rising tone second tone, while the second character shifts into a low, dipping tone. Informal vs Formal Use ä ½   (Ç ) is the informal form of you and is used for greeting friends and associates. The formal you is æ‚ ¨ (nà ­n). Thus, the formal form of hello is ââ€" ºnà ­n hÇŽo - æ‚ ¨Ã¥ ¥ ½.   æ‚ ¨Ã¥ ¥ ½(nà ­n hÇŽo) is used when speaking to superiors, people in authority, and elders. The more casual ä ½  Ã¥ ¥ ½ (nÇ  hÇŽo) should be used when speaking to friends, colleagues, and children.   China Taiwan The use of æ‚ ¨Ã¥ ¥ ½ (nà ­n hÇŽo) is more common in Mainland China than in Taiwan. The informal ä ½  Ã¥ ¥ ½ (nÇ  hÇŽo) is the most common greeting in Taiwan, no matter what the rank of the person you are addressing. You may also be wondering why there are two Chinese written versions of this phrase: ä ½  Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¥â€"Ž and ä ½  Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¥ â€". The first version is in traditional characters which are used in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, and many overseas Chinese communities. The second version is simplified characters, the official writing system in Mainland China, Singapore, and Malaysia. How Are You? You can extend ä ½  Ã¥ ¥ ½ (nÇ  hÇŽo) by adding the question particle Ã¥â€"Ž / Ã¥ â€" ââ€" ºma. The question particle Ã¥â€"Ž (traditional form) / Ã¥ â€" (simplified form) can be added to the end of sentences and phrases to change them from statements into questions. The literal translation of ä ½  Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¥â€"Ž? / ä ½  Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¥ â€" (nÇ  hÇŽo ma)? is you good?, which means how are you? This greeting should only be said to close friends or family members. It is not a common greeting for associates or strangers. The answer to ä ½  Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¥â€"Ž / ä ½  Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¥ â€" (nÇ  hÇŽo ma)? can be: hÄ›n hÇŽo - Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½ - very goodbà ¹ hÇŽo - ä ¸ Ã¥ ¥ ½ - not goodhi hÇŽo - é‚„å ¥ ½ / è ¿ËœÃ¥ ¥ ½ - so so

Emotional Intelligence of Managers and its Affects Article

Emotional Intelligence of Managers and its Affects - Article Example l characteristics important to understanding the psychological and emotional growth necessary for personal growth† (Shipper, Kincaid, Rotondo, & Hoffman IV, 2003, p. 171). A few of the articles have also brought out that managers and academicians are beginning to view the necessary improvements in organizational effectiveness by putting into practice emotional intelligence (George, 2000; Cross & Travaglione, 2003; Sosik & Megerian, 1999; Gabriel & Griffiths, 2002; Eicher, 2003). The articles have brought out the importance and relationship of EI of managers and the motivation of employees. Organizational leaders’ awareness of emotional intelligence is essential to future endeavors of continual motivation and productivity. Leaders have significant influence over the continued success of organizations, yet there is still not enough interest in the significance of recognizing emotions in organizations. The annotated bibliography provides articles, literature reviews as well as quantitative evidence of the importance of Emotional Intelligence. The articles that have been chosen for this paper are a wide variety and major contributors to the subject area. The research that has been conducted shows that the Emotional Intelligence can be consciously developed. Among the research groups, the treatment group has shown statistical significance of overall EI gain across each EI dimension, unlike the control group which seems to have shown no significant pre / post-test differences. The article is very significant in the current world where the EI training has developed to be a popular and lucrative field. However, the evidence on the conscious development of EI has been very vague. The study provides a clear empirical evidence for this topic. The research implications are much focused and discuss the role of Emotional Intelligence training in leadership development programs and fertile research directions for the training.  

Powder Metallurgy Of Stainless Steel Dissertation

Powder Metallurgy Of Stainless Steel - Dissertation Example The use of Powder Metallurgy (commonly abbreviated as PM) technology in the manufacturing of various components has been growing in the recent times. In the early times traditionally, components produced by PM were pressed and then sintered in an atmosphere of dry hydrogen. Also, sintering temperatures were relatively high, and sintering times were extremely long and uneconomical. However, studies by North America laboratory between the 1930s and 1940s paved the path led to commercial for commercial production of PM stainless steel components by the end of 1940 [1-7]. Since then, the use and production of PM stainless steel components have been on the rise. Regardless of the fact that stainless steel components produced by PM are subjected to harsh conditions, the PM industries are working y is trying to optimize the process sintering conditions for better properties of the PM stainless steel components.so that the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of PM stainless steel are optimized. The application of PM in the manufacture of stainless steel alloy components, for example, has been one of the factors driving this growth. This is due to the fact that stainless steel PM alloys components find applications in a number of industries such as recreational, automobile, aerospace, and chemical processing among others. The wide application of PM stainless steel alloys has led to the understanding of the importance of sintering and processing of PM stainless steel in the achievement of corrosion resistance of the alloy.  

Individual Experience Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Individual Experience - Research Paper Example TDSB is run by a Director of Education: Chris Spencer and a Board of Trustees comprising of 22 members who are publicly elected to ensure that concerns voiced by the community and the students are dealt with. This board ensures that all students have a comfortable learning environment that best brings out their abilities and utilizes their full potential. The board also comprises of a body of executive officers that diligently serve students, staff and the community enhance academic performance and supervise the learning process among others. The good employer-employee relationship supported at TDSB lured me to apply for internship to work at the school office Support Department. My role was to help the secondary school office assistant to do administrative work which dealt with IPRC documentation, student attendance, report cards, records and data bases, payroll records, accounting records, student registration and student transportation. I was also supposed to provide secretarial s upport services and ensure there was a strategy in place for handling medical emergencies and general student absenteeism. Conversely, under the supervision of the elementary school secretary I was at times in charge of the reception which entailed receiving incoming calls, welcoming guests and ensuring there is a smooth raptor between the students, parents, the community and TDSB staff. This was geared towards ensuring all the services provided by the school office support department were customer focused. TDSB holds the lives of future generations into its hands therefore it has a very delicate responsibility of ensuring the talent of each student is appropriately nurtured and not ignored. However, to be able to fully understand the role played by TDSB in building a holistic community it is important to know its mission, vision, goals and objectives. TDSB focuses and fully utilizes the support provided by the community to ensure each student obtains the required skills, abilities and knowledge to bring out their full potential as students and later as adults. This goes hand in hand with its mission that stipulates the need for, â€Å"all students to reach high levels of achievement and to acquire the knowledge, skills and values they need to become responsible members of a democratic society† (http://www.tdsb.on.ca). TDSB is able to put into practice its mission statement by valuing each student, fostering a public education system that is strong, establishing a long-lasting and productive partnership between the schools, community and students, harnessing diversity and uniqueness in the community and within the students. It also enhances efficiency and skills of the staff, a safe, respectful and positive learning experience to effectively nurture the talents of all students, accountability, equity, accessibility and innovation. The above imply that TDSB uses a focused framework for strategy selection and design. This is because the school board only focuses on a specific age group of students that only reside in Toronto by implementing a low-cost advantage within that narrowly defined market. In order to achieve its objectives the board of trustees, executives and the director of education have formulated a prospector strategy typology that enables the board to implement ideas that are congruent with external factors including the community. With such a strategy typology TDSB is able to be innovative, discover new

Internal Audit Example of Educational Institution

Internal Audit Example of Educational Institution Internal Auditing – Cass Business School Question 1 Control Environment The attitude and actions of the board and management regarding the significance of control within the organization. The control environment provides the discipline and structure for the achievement of the primary objectives of the system of internal control. List and discuss the methods that the management of Cass Business School might use to encourage and develop an effective control environment. Cass Business School is one of the leading schools for business research in London. Being in a thriving cosmopolitan and commercial business centre, the school seems to have a strategic and business advantage and can test its theoretical approaches against practical realities. The school focuses on a rigorous research practice combined with a productive and dynamic relationship with business groups and academic organisations (Cass report 2005). In areas of finance, Cass Business School is known for its contributions to financial markets, money and banking, real estate finance, investment and risk management, strategy, innovation and entrepreneurship, Governance and pay, e-business, international business, voluntary sector management, pensions, life insurance, health insurance, reliability and dependability of computer based systems. In this discussion, we highlight the importance of effective internal control that can provide discipline and structure for achievement of primary objectives within the organisation. The control environment of an organisation includes the following elements: Organizational structure. Managements philosophy and operating style. Integrity and ethical values. Assignment of authority and responsibility. Human resource policies and practices. Competence of personnel. The success of an organisation in developing an effective management structure depends largely on its mission, aims and objectives. The mission of the school is to carry out multidisciplinary research in corporate governance issues which can be applicable at National, European and Global levels. The set of research objectives translated into research themes address specific dimensions of corporate governance process. Corporate governance and organisational performance are closely associated as appointment of high level officials defining internal control actually has an impact on the market performance of a company. The operating style and key activities of the management of the school include: Conducting funded research to produce scholarly publications and reports for policy makers and for practitioners; recruiting post graduates and research students to research on various research themes in management; organising workshops and conferences to promote and disseminate research findings within the school’s RD department; and also contributing to public debates on business strategies and Corporate Governance to improve the image and reputation of the school’s research faculties. As a strategic plan of infrastructure development, the school replaced all previous methods of assessment of students by building a new central computerised database for IT management, and new infrastructure. Organisational structure and assignment of responsibility and authority to board members is a mechanism of internal control and appointment of executive and non-executive directors tend to have a direct impact on the market as the main hypothesis in this case is that since appointments are driven by the financial situation of the company, it is expected that market reactions would be positive to the appointment of non-executive directors to the board and negative for executive directors (Cass report, 2005). The market valuation of appointment of board members defining the control environment is an essential measure of governance and the balance scorecard gives a detailed picture of the performance of a particular company and its use in improving corporate and internal control environment of an organisation. For developing an effective control environment, a close knit board with a clear strategic approach can be recommended. Question 2 The chief audit executive should effectively manage the internal audit activity to ensure it adds value to the organization. (Standard 2000) Critically discuss the potential benefits that internal auditing might bring to Cass Business School. You should consider both financial and non-financial benefits in your answer. Internal auditing has emerged as a distinct profession with its own philosophy, principles and practice. Managerial communities without internal audit systems also lack a proper operating control system (Beale and Bradford, 1993). To minimise work errors, impropriety as business organisations and to audit work omissions, internal auditing is necessary and standards for professional Practice of Internal Auditing have been established along with a code of ethics and statement of responsibilities for internal auditors. The chief audit executive determines the course of an audit system in an organisation. The role of internal and external auditing in serving shareholders and board of directors in different communities has been highlighted in mergers and acquisitions as also the potential role of internal auditors in strategic management (Melville, 2003). There are significant changes in the roles and mission of external and internal auditors and in their activities in consultancy, risk management and governance to investigate the contributions of audit to organisations and stakeholders. The role of the external audit firms, including providing tax advice to clients as well as research into the implications of legislation and regulations are also important strategic considerations. Senior security management standards and effective controlling of their IT infrastructure are issues within IT governance and drawing up a critical infrastructure. Research concerning internal audit results has to consider whether these results have any predictive value relative to actual company outcomes. In this context the internal auditor’s role in assessing and contributing to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and sustainability are one of the key issues for senior management. The focus of internal auditing has been redefined to address consultative, risk and assurance activities. The need for further research in these areas to evaluate actual and potential role of internal audit can be emphasised to understand its potential benefits (Ruskin and Estes, 1984). The financial benefits of internal auditing for Cass Business School are increased contributions to stakeholders and directors and improved analysis of mergers and acquisitions. The non-financial benefits include risk management analysis, corporate governance reports, predicting performance outcomes and effective control of IT and strategic management systems. Question 3 The internal audit activity should assist the organization by identifying and evaluating significant exposures to risk and contributing to the improvement of risk management and control systems. (Standard 2110) List and describe the key risks in Cass Business Schools financial and non-financial systems. In its report on corporate governance and corporate performance, Cass Business School emphasised the linkages of governance and performance and examined the role of the board of directors in mitigating firms’ agency costs and also in creating shareholder value. The hypothesis put forward was that a large proportion of non-executive directors and chairman and CEO will over-perform in terms of rates of return and stock returns whereas companies with boards dominated by insiders will tend to under-perform. Internal and external control mechanisms such as managerial ownership, bondholders, block ownership and market for corporate control have to be taken into consideration while measuring corporate performance and this is mainly reflected in annual reports of companies. Other factors of corporate governance are important as are identification of the risks, roles and responsibilities of governance (Helliar et al, 2000). Risk management is at the centre of decision making processes in organisations at all levels and research into the different ways of assessing, managing and reporting risks within the organisations and reporting risks to outside stakeholders for achieving benefits is important within the context of management and board responsibilities. Hallikas et al (2002) provide a conceptual framework for risk analysis in networking for a company and note that to analyse and assess the risks associated with networking, either internal audit or computer aided cause and effect analysis can be used as tools for analysis of risks. Considering these factors, in the study of Cass Business School the key risks in financial and non-financial systems seem to be High and increasing tuition fees, increased competition from other schools, legal actions, and internal conflicts between members. However there is a risk management methodology and the Risk Management University Council has agreed to this risk management process. For several years the University has scored the relevant risks for each risk management strategy as to impact and likelihood using a defined scale. The control environment around the high-scoring risks has been reviewed. Question 4 Based on the results of the risk assessment, the internal audit activity should evaluate the adequacy and effectiveness of controls encompassing the organizations governance, operations, and information systems. These include: Reliability and integrity of financial and operational information. Effectiveness and efficiency of operations. Safeguarding of assets. Compliance with laws, regulations, and contracts. (Standard 2120.A1) For each risk identified in Question 3, identify the potential impact of control weaknesses and recommend appropriate controls that might reduce the impact of the threat. Give reasons for your recommendations. Within the Cass Business school management system, the annual report states that risk management Council has agreed to risk management methodology and processes and risks of the University are defined in the methodology. The University has reviewed its corporate risk register and has consolidated risks that have a high impact and likelihood score and has also reviewed the control environment for high scoring risks. The university council receives regular reports on progress of risk management implementation and within each school a risk register exists with each risk scored against a defined scale. There are future School plans to integrate risk reviews in the University’s general management and planning process. Bainbridge and Paul (1986) have effectively related control objectives with internal audit systems. In case of ineffective internal auditing, with unreliable financial information and flaws in accounting, complete transparency of financial data might help to overcome the weaknesses considerably. In case of inefficiency of operations and control, a strong project management approach and board internal control is suggested. The measurement and appraisal of intangible assets, especially human capital as a key factor of wealth creation is a key objective for improving organisational effectiveness. Safeguarding of company or organisational assets is possible through stakeholder or director support as well as general corporate performance and in this case, the overall annual performance of the school which is required to show financial profits. Compliance with laws and regulations can improve credibility and appropriate company objectives and codes of ethics and practice as well as strict management guidelines should be put forward. Bibliography Relating audit and internal control objectives: A missing step in specifying compliance tests Journal of Accounting Education, Volume 4, Issue 2, Autumn 1986, Pages 63-74 D. Raymond Bainbridge, John W. Paul The effects of information order and hypothesis-testing strategies on auditors judgments Accounting, Organizations and Society, Volume 14, Issues 5-6, 1989, Pages 471-479 Jane L. Butt, Terry L. Campbell Chan, K. C.; Chen, C. R.; Steiner, T. L. Production in Finance Literature, Institutional Reputation, and Labor Mobility in Academia: A Global Perspective, Financial Management, (2002) 31(4) pp131-156 Risk analysis and assessment in network environments: A dyadic case study International Journal of Production Economics, Volume 78, Issue 1, 1 July 2002, Pages 45-55 Jukka Hallikas, Veli-Matti Virolainen and Markku Tuominen Internalization versus externalization of the internal audit function: an examination of professional and organizational imperatives Accounting,Organizations and Society, Volume 26, Issues 7-8, October-November 2001, Pages 617-641 Larry Rittenberg and Mark A. Covaleski Managing the internal audit A practical handbook, : by Ian Beale and Roy H Bradford (1993), Kogan Page Computer Law Security Report, Volume 9, Issue 4, July-August 1993, Page 154 Internal vs. external IT audits — or — Mapping out a war zone? Computers Security, Volume 14, Issue 5, 1995, Pages 419-420 Doc Farmer and S. G. Warburg Internal Audits Metal Finishing, Volume 98, Issue 11, November 2000, Pages 73-78 Leslie W. Flott Evidence of agency conflict among management, auditors, and the audit committee chair Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, Volume 9, Issue 4, Winter 1990, Pages 271-292 Susan Haka and Peter Chalos UK AUDITORS PERCEPTIONS OF INHERENT RISK, The British Accounting Review, Volume 28, Issue 1, March 1996, Pages 45-72 CHRISTINE HELLIAR, BOB LYON, GARY S. MONROE, JULIANA NG and DAVID R. WOODLIFF Melville, R., (2003)  The contribution of internal audit to corporate strategy.  International Journal of Auditing Volume 7Issue 3Page 209 November 2003 M. Page and L. Spira, The Turnbull Report, Internal Control and Risk Management: The Developing Role of Internal Audit, The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland, Edinburgh (2004) The project management audit: Its role and conduct Engineering Management International, Volume 2, Issue 4, July 1984, Pages 279-286 Arnold M. Ruskin, W. Eugene Estes Sawyer, Lawrence B.  Sawyer’s internal auditing: the practice of†¦enlarged/Lawrence B. Sawyer, assited by Glenn.E. Sumners  3rd edition, retitled, rev and enl Altamonte Springs, Fla: Institute of Internal Auditors, 1988   Sawyer, Lawrence B.  Elements of management oriented auditing   Institute of Internal Auditors Inc 1983 Sawyer, Lawrence B.  The practice of modern internal auditing / Lawrence B.Sawyer  2nd ed. Rev. and enl Altamonte Springs, Fla: Institute of Internal Auditors, 1981  www.cass.city.uk

Comparing the Behavioral Perspective and the Cognitive Perspective :: Psychology

Comparing the Behavioral Perspective and the Cognitive Perspective   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The behavioral perspective is the idea that if psychology was to be a science, then it must focus on events, which are directly observable on behavior, rather than on mental life. The behavioral perspective maintains the primary emphasis on observable behavior and its relation to environmental events. Behavioral perspective is through reinforcement, which is the idea that patterns of emitted behavior can be selected by their consequences. Cognitive perspective is centered on the description of the nature and development of the representation of knowledge. It comes from three points of view, which are the theory of information processing, the inability of behaviorism to provide a comprehensive account for all aspects of human behavior, and the invention of the computer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Behavioral perspective is the theory that the majority of all behavior is learned from the environment after birth. Freewill is considered to be an illusion, because our environment determines behavior. Behaviorists believe that only behavior should be observed, not our minds, since we cannot see into other people’s minds. There is no way to know if a person is honestly answering a question so it is irrelevant. Behaviorists use strict laboratory experiments, usually on animals, such as rats or pigeons. They test animals because the laws of learning are universal, there are only a quantitative difference between animals and humans, and animals are practically and ethically more convenient to test.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cognitive psychologists think that mental processes should and can be investigated scientifically. Comparing the Behavioral Perspective and the Cognitive Perspective :: Psychology Comparing the Behavioral Perspective and the Cognitive Perspective   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The behavioral perspective is the idea that if psychology was to be a science, then it must focus on events, which are directly observable on behavior, rather than on mental life. The behavioral perspective maintains the primary emphasis on observable behavior and its relation to environmental events. Behavioral perspective is through reinforcement, which is the idea that patterns of emitted behavior can be selected by their consequences. Cognitive perspective is centered on the description of the nature and development of the representation of knowledge. It comes from three points of view, which are the theory of information processing, the inability of behaviorism to provide a comprehensive account for all aspects of human behavior, and the invention of the computer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Behavioral perspective is the theory that the majority of all behavior is learned from the environment after birth. Freewill is considered to be an illusion, because our environment determines behavior. Behaviorists believe that only behavior should be observed, not our minds, since we cannot see into other people’s minds. There is no way to know if a person is honestly answering a question so it is irrelevant. Behaviorists use strict laboratory experiments, usually on animals, such as rats or pigeons. They test animals because the laws of learning are universal, there are only a quantitative difference between animals and humans, and animals are practically and ethically more convenient to test.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cognitive psychologists think that mental processes should and can be investigated scientifically.

Hurricane Sandy: What Went Wrong Essay

Hurricane Sandy introduced herself to the United States in October of 2012. The super storm began its course in the Southeast, and moved all the way up to the Mid-Atlantic. The aftermath of this storm caused massive amounts of devastation to homes, businesses and shore areas. It left families grieving for those who were lost, and left a nation feeling sorry for those that were now homeless. The preceding actions that took place after the storm are what might be remembered most about this devastating storm. Epic Failure The post storm relief effort of Hurricane Sandy or lack of it is what is making news today. The lack of both a tactical and strategic plan from important leaders of our country has left victims of the storm still struggling to pick up the pieces nearly three months affect the storm. With strategic planning, â€Å"issue x is staring us in the face and we need some way to help us think about its resolution, or else we will be badly hurt.† (Bryson, 2011) But months after the storm it seems that our leaders are still thinking and not reacting. In parts of Long Island, many are still without power. New York councilmen, Mark Cuthbertson was quoted saying, â€Å"This was among other things an epic failure of communication.† (Cuthbertson, 2012) A failure of communication all comes back to a lack of planning. Everyone knew this storm was coming and the possible effects it could have so there really shouldn’t have been an excuse for a lack of communication. A benefit concert held at the famous Madison Square Garden was held to give relief to those affect by the storm. The concert producers announced the benefit performance â€Å"raised about $50 million for people affected by Hurricane Sandy.† (Mckinley, 2012) To this day however, no one really knows where that money has gone. Perhaps there giving little by little to victims but not a significant amount to start the rebuilding process. Everyone has begun to assume where the money has gone. This money was raised to help the victims out immediately, but no one has seen anything yet. Organizations like FEMA have also made mistakes after hurricane Sandy. While FEMA did give some emergency checks to some victims, the process to get any money from the organization was faulty. Many of the victims lost a lot of property if not everything. FEMA seemed to be giving a lot of the victims the run around. They were asking for documentation that many lost in the storm, which allowed FEMA to slow down the process of giving this relief money. Instead, Joel Rose of the National Public Radio reported, â€Å"FEMA is encouraging victims to apply for a low-interest loan from the small business administration.† (Rose, 2012) Many victims choose not to do this, because they were out of work and would have to pay back the loan. Relief efforts were also interrupted by politics. President Obama passed a bill giving 50 billion dollars in relief money. Many Republicans voted against this bill because they felt it puts the country into more debt. Republicans argued, â€Å"it’s spending that’s traditionally been untouchable, but it’s still spending.† (Keith 2013) They agreed to vote for the bill as long as the bill was offset by cuts elsewhere. Conclusion/ Summary The hesitation of the United States leaders in regards to planning are the key to what went wrong after Hurricane Sandy. The inability to show us where relief money is going has caused uproar. The faulty application process of FEMA has caused more headaches then relief. If money was raised it should be spent and spent on relief immediately. A plan should have been outlined and shown to the victims with a timeline of when, how and where the relief effort and rebuilding will occur. Hesitation only gives doubt to Americans, and that seems to be what is happening. References Bryson, John. M. Strategic Planning For Public and Nonprofit Organizations (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass, 2011 Cuthbertson, Mark. N.P.R. Group Probes Delayed Power Restoration Post Sandy, December, 2012, http://www.npr.org/2012/12/12/167029241/commission-probes-n-y-power-loss-after-hurricane-sandy Keith, Tamara. N.P.R. House Takes Up Sandy Relief Bill After It Was Dropped By Previous Congress, January, 2013, http://www.npr.org/2013/01/15/169452224/house-takes-up-sandy-relief-bill-after-it-was-dropped-by-previous-congress Mckinley, James. The New York Times. 12-12-12 Producers Say Concert Brought In $50 Million, December, 2012, http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/12/19/12-12-12-producers-say-concert-brought-in-50-million/ Rose, Joel. N.P.R. Some Sandy Victims Tied Up With Bureaucracy, November, 2012, http://www.npr.org/2012/11/15/165233716/some-sandy-victims-tied-up-with-bureaucracy

How to Use Facebook Targeting to Optimize Your Audience In CoSchedule

How to Use Facebook Targeting to Optimize Your Audience In Why do we spend so much time researching target audiences? Because we want to make sure our messages reach the right people. Sometimes, though, social media makes it hard to reach just the people you want to talk to. On Facebook, however, theres an underused feature called audience targeting that makes this possible. Facebook audience optimization  allows you to customize which users will see your content, so that its more specific to that audience. In return, this will increase engagement for your Facebook posts with  targeted audiences. And targeting the right audience is crucial for success.  One of the biggest mistakes marketers make today is trying to appeal to everyone. You have to get the right content in front of the right people in order to convert. And thats why were excited to introduce Facebook Targeting for . What Is Facebook Targeting? Getting to know your audience is a crucial step for successful Facebook targeting. The overall idea of targeting is having more  people engage with your posts because the content matches their interests. These posts would start to appear in their news feeds more often due to their engagement. So it could result in a boost in organic reach over time. , your all-in-one content calendar and social media toolset, now  includes audience targeting for business Facebook pages. Within , we made sharing content with your audience more specific. You can now target any piece of Facebook content to an audience that YOU define. You can define your audience in nine ways: Age Gender Relationship Status Interested In Location Language Education Level College Graduation Years Interests Each of these nine categories will help you create a more clear-cut audience to ensure your content is seen by people who care. So the big questions is:  How can you create a target audience with these categories?   Weve put together a list of real-life situations where these categories could apply to your audience. Lets take a look. How To Use Facebook Targeting To Optimize Your Audience In 1. Age Within the  Age category, the ages range from 13 to 65+ Depending on what your business is, individuals under the age of 18 arent going to need to see your content. With  Age you can select which age range you want your audience to be. At , we select ages 25-45 because we believe those are the ages of people most likely to use content marketing editorial software. Use Case: 21+ Events Are you hosting an event thats being catered with food and alcohol? Events that are strictly for individuals who are over the age of 21 are extremely popular because of the drinking age. Because of this, people under the age of 21 do not need to see posts promoting 21+ events. With Facebook Targeting from , you can hand-pick ages 21 and over. This way you are promoting to the people you want to attend your event, and not promoting to those that wont. 2. Gender Within the  Gender category, you can select  All, Male,  or  Female. Use Case: Promotions To make your posts feel more personable, you can target specifically to men or women. This becomes especially important during holidays. For example, a flower shop could create a post targeted towards men with the caption, Valentines Day is coming up. Did you remember to get her flowers? This approach makes the reader feel like it was directed towards them. Take a look at this Facebook  post directed towards women: Take this approach with anything that you are promoting. You  could create two different posts with the same graphic, but write one  message targeted towards men and one targeted towards women to make it feel more personable. 3. Relationship Status Within the  Relationship category, there are several options to choose from including  Single, In a relationship,  and  Married.   Use Case 1: Wedding Content For instance, a bridal gown shop could target their posts towards people that are engaged or in a relationship. Along with photographers who are trying to promote their business or specials such as this Facebook post: Use Case 2: Giveaways Facebook contests and giveaways are becoming increasingly popular. To make sure youre giving something away to someone who is generally interested, you can use Facebook Targeting. Cruise ships and resorts can use Facebook Targeting towards couples who are married for anniversary trip giveaways. If youre not familiar with how Facebook contests and giveaways work, ThriveHive put together a guide to help you get started. 4. Interested In Within the  Interested In  category, you can select  All, Men,  or  Women. Use Case: Dating Apps Mixer events and dating apps  can use Facebook Targeting to create posts with images directed towards people interested in men or women to  make the post more personable. Along with sharing posts that are directly related to being single, in a relationship, etc. This example ad could be targeted towards single women: 5. Location Within the  Location category, you can type in the city, state, or region. You are able to select many locations of your choosing. Use Case 1: Local Promotions If youre having an event or promotion thats specific to a certain city, then you can use Facebook Targeting to only target people that live in the city where the event or promotion is happening. You are less likely to upset audience members who do not live in this location who will not receive the discount/promotion. Lets say your store or business location in a specific city is having a marathon in town. You can create a Facebook post saying, Everyone who participated in the marathon this week will receive 30% off their purchase! This discount will only work for people living in  that  city. The same goes for events. Maybe your company is hosting a benefit dinner in a specific town. You can define your audience by targeting people living in  that  town for higher attendance rate. Use Case 2: Holidays You can also target to specific countries. For example, holidays are different in every country. If you are a business located in the United States and you want to create a 4th of July post, then you can target audience members only located in the United States. If you are a business located in Canada and you want to create a National Boxing Day post, then you can target audience members only located in Canada. 6. Language Within the  Language  category, you can type in the desired language(s) you wish to reach. Use Case: Customer Service If you are a business that creates content and posts in a certain language, then you can use Facebook Targeting to target that specific language.  If your business has a a product or service that is exclusively in English then you can target your posts to the English language. Here at we have a customer success team who responds to our customers in English. Because of this, we try to direct most of our posts to English-speaking countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom. 7. Education Level Within the  Education Level  category, there are several options such as  Bachelors Degree, High school grad,  and  Alum.   Depending on what type of content you produce, you may need an audience with a higher education level. If you are selling a in-depth product or service, its best to target to high school and college graduates.  If a company’s main customer base typically has a certain level of education, that might help them narrow their post’s targeting. Use Case 1: College Discounts With a college ID, the discounts are endless. If your business has a college discount program, you can promote to audience members that have graduated high school and are now in college. This way audience members that dont have a college ID wont be annoyed by seeing these posts. Use Case 2: College Recruitment Colleges can use  Facebook targeting to help enroll students in their university. Targeting to kids who are in high school, recent grads, or even adults who have been out of school for a while but want to continue their education can be targeted. This not only helps colleges increase their enrollment, but also helps those wanting to further their education the chance at their fingertips. 8. College Graduation Years Within the College Graduation Years category, you can type in X amount of years an individual has been out of college. Use Case: Graduation Year Promotions The purpose of Facebook Targeting is to make an audience member reading the Facebook post to feel like it was specialized for them. College graduation years are a good way of specifically targeting your audience members. For example a realtor company can create a post stating, Its been 5 years since you graduated college. Dont you think its time to buy a house? This way the reader will think it was created just for them and theyll think Wow, I DID graduate 5 years ago. I really need to buy a house! 9. Interests Within the  Interests  category, you can type in different interests you want to reach. The possibilities of interests are endless. Use Case: Targeting People With Any and Every Interest Im not kidding when I say the possibilities  are endless when it comes to targeting interests. For example a car company can target their body kit by targeting people that are interested in cars and do it yourself projects. 10. Restrictions Finally, there are some options for Audience Restrictions. Here you can select which  Age, Location, and  Language  you want to restrict. You can mix and match any of these categories to create the ultimate audience for your post. If you want a 25-year-old English speaking man that lives in the United States (who also happens to be interested in do-it-yourself car kits) then you can do just that with Facebook Targeting!

Nutrition and Healthy Eating Habits Essay

Nutrition and Healthy Eating Habits Essay Nutrition and Healthy Eating Habits Essay Vegetarianism: A Way of Life Jimmy Thompson COMM/215 August 27, 2013 Gerry McFarland Vegetarianism: A Way of Life Many years ago, the human diet consisted mainly of plants, such as vegetables and fruits; the diet also consisted of nuts, grains, and legumes. As newer foods and places such as fast food chains were developed, the diet began to grow into a more complex and unhealthy way of eating. This new way of eating has increasingly taken a toll on human lives, as well as the life of planet earth. This is one of the many reasons that I chose to become a vegetarian. Industries, such as fast food chains, have sadly caused obesity in humans, especially in the United States, which has become an epidemic amongst children and adults. There are many more factors other than fast food that are to blame, but it is ultimately up to an individual’s personal choice as to whether or not they choose a healthy way of life. Fast Food Industry Sugar, high fructose corn syrup, harmful chemicals and other bizarre things are what fast food companies such as McDonalds and Burger King are feeding to their customers. These absurd chemicals have been known to be some of the causes of obesity, which has become an extreme epidemic in America. Healthy eating habits have not been gaining enough buzz from the general public, but it has gotten much better with the help of many organizations. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention has listed on their website that thirty-seven percent of American adults are considered obese and seventeen percent of American adolescents are obese. This is drastically higher compared to recent years and is embarrassing compared to other countries. Obesity is associated with diseases such as cancer, heart disease and diabetes, and eating healthy can certainly decrease these aliments (Nursing Standard, 2013). It is very concerning what people continue to put into their bodies, espec ially when there have been news articles and reports on what is in the food that people are consuming. Although consuming fast food is convenient and can often times be cheap, it is very harmful to the body, as well as the planet. Even though fast food chains have made changes in some of the products they offer, they still have not changed the way their food is being produced. There are many people who try and justify their reasoning for eating fast food. They say they cannot afford to eat healthy, but comments like those are nonsense, because eating healthy is in fact not expensive and cost much less than eating fast food. The world has been succumbed to convenience and many people will do whatever they can to accomplish something in as little time as possible; therefore, eating fast food satisfies that need for convenience because it takes no time to purchase it and then devour it. Unfortunately, it is causing great harm to the bodies that are consuming fast food. Fast food chains need to take responsibility for the obesity rates in America, which surprisingly, McDonald’s has. According to Strategic Direction (2005), McDonald's seems willing to accept a share of the blame for the obesity problem. Indeed, the company has gone as far as saying that eating too many of its burgers is definitely bad for you. If this is the case, fast food companies need to ensure they are using organic products in their food. Resources The American public is uneducated when it comes to eating healthy and knowing how to prepare cost friendly meals. There are resources today that are reaching out to educate, such as the Let’s Move initiative. This initiative was created by Michelle Obama and it is empowering people of all ages to get up and move. The program teaches through exercise, which is one of the most important factors to a long and healthy life. The First Lady’s program is very motivating and it is inspiring individuals from all walks

What is Branding Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

What is Branding - Essay Example It can therefore be used as a strategy to maintain customers as well as attract others. A strong brand is imperative for the intended purpose to be achieved. If it is a statement or slogan, it should as precise and short as possible. This should be something that target customers can remember at ease. Before branding is done especially for existing companies, it is vital to involve the customers. Constant communication with such people allows the companies know what kind of information or graphics to include. However, branding does not work at all times. In some companies, the introduction of new brands has culminated into loss of customers. For instance, one of the leading on-demand streams faced challenges when a number of its subscribers withdrew. This was caused by the effort of the management to change the logo. Companies which have already become established in the market do not need to have new brands. Some of these companies are price leaders in the market and therefore do not need such branding. Apart from being wastage of time and money, this development may also lead lose of customers. However, in the event a given company would want to develop a new brand, discussing with clients would be

Torture of bomb suspect Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Torture of bomb suspect - Research Paper Example The main purpose of the research is to present that many cases of torture have been reported especially for terrorist suspects who are alleged to be involved in various bombings across the country and abroad. Abd al Rahim Hussein Mohammed al Nashiri is one of the victims of torture. Nashiri is the suspected terrorist bomber of the USS Cole bombing of 2000 in Yemen. The suspect who was detained in Guantanamo Bay was tortured by the military to an extent of admitting to the accusations. According to a report that the Pentagon released about the Nashiri torture, the suspect was tortured to a point that he could not take it anymore and thus admitted to have been responsible for the bombings so that he would be freed from the torture. This illustrates violation of professional ethics in the questioning of bomb suspects. Most of the suspects who are interrogated are normally tortured to a point where they would rather admit to have been involved in the bombings so that the pain they are su bjected into is put into an end. The legal-ethical rights of suspects are thus violated by such tortures because the interrogation processes are usually less objective. This is because the interrogators aim at eliciting responses from the suspects which makes them responsible for the crime. This is usually as a result of the fact that some suspects would refuse to say the truth regardless of the pain that the interrogation process puts them through.... After he admitted to the bombing, Nashiri’s captors became happy and stopped further interrogations. This shows that the captors of bomb suspects engage in unsupervised interrogation which leads to the violation of the constitutional rights of suspects who are legally considered innocent until proven otherwise by a court of law. Unnecessary torture is therefore a form of ethical malpractice because it causes a lot of dehumanizing pain to the suspects and thus violates their human rights (Lolita, 2007). Additionally, excessive torture of bomb suspects would lead to injustice because if victims are forced to admit to the crimes that they are not guilty of, then justice would not have been served. The fact that Nashiri was forced by the torture to admit into the responsibility of the Cole bombing shows that justice was not served because the actual bomber would be somewhere free and likely planning to commit other crimes. The bombing that led to the death of seventeen US sailors and injury to thirty nine others was blamed on Nashiri by the US military whom they considered to be an al Qaeda official who was responsible for arranging the Cole bombings. The evidence that the US military presented to the FBI revealed that Nashiri bought the explosives and the boat that was used during the bombings. The evidence that the military presented to the FBI is said to have been an adjunct of the admission of the suspect to the crimes when he was under torture (BBC World, 2007). This presents an ethical dilemma because the use of evidence that emanates from the response of the suspect at a time when he is subject to torture in prosecution leads to the questioning of the credibility

Law And Contract Resit Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Law And Contract Resit - Case Study Example In this case four issues arise and these are noise and vibrations disturbing Pub's customer, Bloggs & Co Builders used the student car park to the jib of a crane, construction vehicles are constantly blocking the entrance of Public house owner and they work continues on site Saturday and Sunday mornings as a result the pub manager was disturbed.Winfield and Jolowicz defence private nuisance as an unlawful interference with a person's use or enjoyment of land, or some right over, or in connection, with it. This principle is neatly encapsulated in the words of Lord Wright in Sedleigh-Denfield v Callaghan1, where he said that a balance has to be maintained between the right of the occupier to do what he likes with his own and the right of his neighbour not to be interfered with. From it is implicit that as between neighbours, some measure of interference with the use and enjoyment of each other's land is permissible.The test is one of 'reasonable user' balancing the interest of defendan ts to use their land as legally permitted against the conflicting interest of claimants to have quite enjoyment of their land. It is a not a test of reasonable care. In Rapier v London Tramways Co2 held that it is no defence to prove that the defendant had taken all reasonable care to prevent the nuisance occurring. The Court will look at the result of defendant's conduct. In Cambridge Water v Eastern Counties Leather3, it was held that if the user is reasonable the defendant is not be liable for consequent to his neighbour's enjoyment of his land. In order to be able to sue for a Private nuisance, the claimant must have a proprietary interest in the land affected. In Malone v Laskey4 and Hunter v Canary Wharf Ltd5 it was held that landowners and tenants have right to bring an action but excludes mere licensee. So from the fact of the question it can be said pub owner and owners of public house and Birmingham City University may bring an action under private nuisance. But in question it is not clear whether pub manager was owner, tenant or license of the premises. However the location is an important factor. The locality in which the claimant's premises are situated is a second factor which assists the Courts in determining whether the interference complained of is sufficiently substantial to amount to a nuisance. The expectations of a claimant, in terms of comfort, peace and quiet, will naturally vary according to the location of his house or business. The point was succinctly made in Sturges v Bridgeman6, in which case a physician complained about the noise generated by a neighbouring confectioner who was operating a pestle and motor. Thesinger LJ stated that what would be a nuisance in Belgrave Square would not necessarily be so according to the area in which it occurs. The emission of smoke from a factory would not be considered a nuisance in an industrial estate, but would be likely to be found to be a nuisance in a largely residential area. In Gillingham BC v Medway (Chatham) Dock Co. Ltd7 held that a good example is the transformation of the London docklands from an industrial area to a now exclusive residential development. In this case it was held that planning permission which had been granted to change the use of an old naval dockward into commercial port should be taken into have effective a change in the character of the neighbourhood. The Court held that planning permission is not enough by itself to change the nature of the locality, although this may occur as a matter of fact due to investment in the area. The CA took the view in Wheeler v JJ Saunder Ltd8

Healthy Cell Phone Essay Example for Free

Healthy Cell Phone Essay Teenagers and The Over Use of Cell Phones The use of cell phones should be banned for teenagers. Similar to the legal age of purchasing alcohol and tobacco, the same law should be enforced when it comes to the use of cell phones among teenagers. Although the thought of this may sound insane to most adolescence, it maybe the solution to limiting and promoting healthy cell phone use amongst todays youth. The following solution would also be in their best interest without them even realizing it. The over use of cell phones by teenagers will have a negative effect on their academic, social, and mental development. Teenagers who use their cellphones very often will have their academic progress negatively affected due to being distracted. It is not a rare occurrence for teenagers to have their phones with them while they are in class, but that is mainly because many of them do not realize the impact it is having on their grades. Researchers, Christian M. End, Shaye Worthman, Mary Bridget Matthews, and Katharina Wetterau at Xavier University did a study about the impact of cell phone rings on academic performance. After completing the study they said, Findings indicated that cell phone rings during a video presentation impaired academic performance. Specifically, participants in the ringing condition performed worse on disrupted test items and were less likely to have recorded pertinent test information (End, Worthman, Matthews, Wetterau, 2010, p. 55-57). The study shows that Just the ringer on a cell phone alone can have an impact on how a student takes notes. However, not everyone thinks that cell phones are a bad idea. Authors Kevin Thomas and Blanche Obannon wrote an article titled Cell Phones In The Classroom: Preservice Teachers Perceptions, which talks about cell phone use in the class room and how it would be beneficial to students. Mentioning that by 201 5 two-thirds of all suggest that this can be a positive thing with the use of tools provided by cell phones for content creation, student centered learning, authentic learning, differentiation of instruction, assessment, and reflection (Thomas ; Obannon, 2013). Given that cell phones can be used as a tool to better educate; it still would not be a good idea because studies prove that a ringer alone can distract a student. Also that text messages and social media cites such a Facebook and Twitter will also be a distraction away from school work. If students were openly able to utilize their cell hones while in class this would cause a distraction and decrease in their grades. A teenager who pays more attention to their phone while in school can cause them to not be academically successful. When a teenager depends solely on communicating through their cell phone it will cause them to have a difficult time with face-to-face interactions. Many teens would prefer to send a text message or make a phone call to their friend in the next room rather than Just walking over and talking to them. Not only does this encourage laziness but it also affects their social skills. An Article in the Washington Post by Masuma Ahuja called Teens are spending more time consuming social media, on mobile devices, which talks about teens spending a long amount of time on social media and how it effects their social skills. Ahuja says, Teens spend so much time interacting with each other on social networks and phones that they are growing less comfortable with in-person interactions and not developing essential social skills (Ahuja, 2013). It is clear that teenagers who prefer talking on a cell phone, sending a Facebook message or sending a text message are more likely to have trouble in a social setting. Cell phones have also made a great impact with the way families interact with one another. It causes teenagers to subconsciously disrespect their parents by using their cellphones while at the dinner table or picking up a phone call while being spoken to by their parents. An article called The Cell Phone as an Agent of Social Change written by Abu Sadat Nurulla from the University of Alberta talks about the effect that cellphones have on the way youth interact with family and their peers. Nurulla says that cell phones cannot solve ongoing child and parent communication issues, such as quality and flow of communication (Nurulla, p. 1). Although a teenager having a cell phone may help with keeping in touch with their parents for emergencies, but it does not otherwise benefit the relationship due. Teenagers seem to not be aware of the effect of being overly indulged with communicating on cell phones; it can seriously hinder their ability to socialize because they are use to sitting behind a phone. Teenagers over dependence and use of their cell phone can lead to depression. Something as minor as falling asleep with their phone beside them can cause lack of sleep due to the phone going off in the middle of the night, which will cause lack of leep and could lead to the teenager having a bad day. An article called How Mobile Phones Affect Sleep in the Huffington Post talks about how mobile phones affect a good nights sleep, while making reference to a study funded by a major mobile phone maker. It says, People exposed to major radiation took longer to fall asleep and spent less time in deep sleep (Huffington Post, 2013). So it is clear that cell phones can be linked to teens not sleeping well at night. Also in the Medical Post an about a study done to link the over use of cell phones by teen to depression. The tudy showed that compared to teens in the lower scoring group than the group of adolescence that used their phones more often had significantly higher scores in the depression inventory scale and interpersonal anxiety scale, as well as scoring low on the self-esteem scale (Hodges, 2006). These results reflect that teenagers are very likely to suffer from depression if they continue to spend too much time in their cell phones. Depression and lack of sleep will lead to severe mental issues if not sustained at an early stage. Youth today are overly dependent on cell phones. So dependent that many of hem seem to be out of touch with reality. Due to the mental, social, and academic effects of cell phones, teenagers are being sent down the wrong path. These three aspects are very important to human development as a whole. They are more critical at the adolescent stage, where teenagers should be attempting to reach their full potential without the distraction of cell phones. A teenager should be able to sleep well in order to go to school, be attentive, and be able to socialize with their peers and teachers without the interruption of receiving a text message or a phone call.

Personal Reflection: Experience that Changed Responsibility

Personal Reflection: Experience that Changed Responsibility Personal experience that impacted a change in my personal responsibility Growing up, I have found my adolescent age very interesting and easy all the while. This is because of the care and love I received from my parents. The story changed when I was 12, I was enrolled into a boarding school where I was a bit separated from my parents and siblings. Even though that was painful, but it was a necessary separation that launched me to the life of independence and self-sustainability as I grew up. It was rather challenging because all of what it came with was entirely new to me for me to come to cope with. On September 2000, when I was introduced to the system, on resumption day I felt the world has just ended for me. I was assigned a space in the hostel where I am expected to Keep and care for my things amidst strangers who later became my friends. I never knew how to put my things in shape, I never knew how to care for my laundries, how to wake up early and follow stipulated programs, it was all terrific for me under the promptings of the house master who never stopped till we get it the way they desired. All the memories of freedom I enjoyed at home kept on reverberating and leading me to deep nostalgia. But gradually, I started picking up one by one, step by step. I learnt a number of new things at space of time which my mates on regular non-broaden school could not learn. First of all, the sense of personal hygiene and cleanliness made a lasting impression on me because of our house masters who are meant to teach by doing it themselves as we observe. They dress on white on daily basis as we equally do. The use of white fabrics is very difficult to maintain but on daily bases we put on day dresses. A white shirt, upon a white singlet with white underwear and trousers. We were meant to have three pairs and wash them whenever they get stained they were daily dressing code, we were meant to take care of them properly, else we attract punishments. It was so difficult going through it in my adolescent. I found it painful then but looking back on how it has helped me, I remained grateful of the training. The hardest part of the training for me was waking up as early as 5 a.m and going to bed buy 20:30 p.m. it was the daily   regulation, it was hard to comprehend but looking at how the older students have gotten to coped with it made it easier for us to queue in. we had fixed times for studiers and no one was exempted apart from grave circumstances like health issues. The regulations were followed strictly but it gave me a platform for being punctual, committed to my duties and faithful to appointments, it also made me to learn how to be faithful; to meal regulations of 7,1,7.   We go for preps twice daily on weekdays and once over the weekend. One of the difficulties was being disposed to study when it is the time according to the regulation. It made no sense to me then. Gradually I learnt how to be disposed and take real control of my disposition. We take our meals of fixed times; breakfast at 7a.m, lunch at 1p.m and super at 7p.m. The eating habit I maintain today was from the training I gained from my school. Base on feeding, we were prohibited from eating in-between meals especially at night. During the day we do take snacks during recreation times. I got my table manners from the school. I never knew much about it prior to the training. Average Nigerian families do not eat together in dining rooms but separately. I learnt how to combine the fork and knife in eating at table, and all of those things made no meaning to me initially until I have the opportunity to mingle with people with high reputation. One other thing I will ever be thankful about is the painful training I got was on how to handle pocket money. Every individual was not expected to keep more than N,5000,   yet we mere expected not to borrow, or call for financial assistance due to lack apart from extreme cases of incurred health bills. It was really difficult for some who have been exposed to wild spending manner and it curtailed living above ones means. I appreciate the training, although it was painful, discipline in no measure is not, but it shapes my ability to fit in and compete favorably with others. These are the experiences that shaped me and got me prepared by launching me into adulthood with a sense of independence and self-sustainability.

Exporting Purell Hand Sanitize Essay -- essays research papers fc

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report analyzes the possibility of taking Purell Instant Hand Sanitizer, a product of GOJO Industries, into the Indian market. Purell Must Gain Greater Market Share Purell Instant Hand Sanitizer is a portable hand washing solution that cleanses hands without the need for soap and water. In 1997, GOJO Industries entered Purell Instant Hand Sanitizer into retail sale, and the American public embraced the product. However, as large US Competitors have entered the hand sanitizer industry, which is now worth over $400 million every year, Purell’s market share is diminishing. Although still the market leader in the industry, GOJO must fight for revenue opportunities. One way to do that is to take Purell into international markets. India Provides an Opportunity Possible Barriers GOJO must consider possible barriers to Purell’s entrance into Indian markets. These barriers include: Recommendation Extensive research provides evidence that marketing Purell Instant Hand Sanitizer in India would be mutually beneficial to GOJO Industries and the people of India. Report Overview Statement of Purpose The purpose of this report is to recommend marketing GOJO Industries’ product, Purell Instant Hand Sanitizer, in India. Penetrating the Indian market would be mutually beneficial for both GOJO and India. Product Purell Instant Hand Sanitizer is a portable supplement to routine hand washing. Although 80 percent of disease is spread by contact with the hands, Purell kills 99.9 percent of most common germs. Therefore, Purell is and effective tool that promotes proper health and prevents the spread of disease. In 1997, GOJO Industries, a privately owned company, introduced its hand sanitizer for retail sale. Since then, the hand sanitizer industry has exploded in the US to and industry worth $400 million per year. Many public competitors such as Dial and Colgate have entered the market. These larger competitors maintain extensive advertising budgets, which are being used to increase their respective market shares in the hand sanitizer industry. Although GOJO’s Purell brand remains the market leader, its share of the market has fallen to 39.4 percent from its initial market domination of 100 percent. (FT1) Therefore, to increase its sales revenues, GOJO needs to introduce Purell internationally. India ... ...rs. Political pressure for protectionism remains, and moves to cut more sensitive tariffs have been halted. Some exports are subject to licensing, while some items consumed domestically, such as tea, are subject to quota restrictions. Only a few items, such as tropical wood and beef, are banned for export. Bibliography “Company Background.'; Online. GOJO Industries, Inc. Available: http://www.gojo.com/history.html. March 20, 1999. “FAQ.'; Online. GOJO Industries, Inc. Available: http://www.purell.com/faq. March 20, 1999. Hardin, Angela Y. 1998. “GOJO: Getting a Handle on its Purell Market.'; Crain’s Cleveland Business, June 22, 6. “Lexis ®-Nexis ®.'; Online. UNC-CH Electronic Indexes and Databases. Available: http://library.unc.edu/htbin/build_ER_frame?http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe. April 12, 1999. Nones, Rachelle. 1998. “It’s Germ Warfare for Hand Sanitizers.'; Supermarket News. May 4, 170. Nones, Rachelle. 1998. “Retailers Experiment with hand Sanitizers.'; Supermarket News. May 4, 170. “Purell.'; Online. GOJO Industries, Inc. Available: http://www.purell.com/. March 20, 1999.